LONDON (BLOOMBERG) – Opec+ was plunged into crisis as a worsening fight between Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates blocked an oil-supply increase.
What happens next will determine whether the breakdown of talks – which sent crude climbing toward US$80 a barrel – could escalate into a conflict as bitter and destructive at last year’s price war.
At stake is the stability of the global economic recovery amid growing inflationary pressures, and the ability of the producers’ alliance to retain its hard-won control over the oil market.
From international oil majors to Middle Eastern petrostates, the market will be watching keenly in the coming days as Riyadh and Abu Dhabi publish prices and negotiate volumes for their August crude supplies. The fear that events could spiral further out of control was evident.
“We do not want a price war,” said Iraq’s Oil Minister Ihsan Abdul Jabbar. “And we do not want oil prices to rise to more than the current levels.”
Meeting abandoned
After several days of tense talks, the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries and its allies abandoned their meeting on Monday (July 5). A disagreement over how to measure production cuts upended a tentative deal to boost output and swiftly devolved into an unusually personal and public spat between Saudi Arabia and the UAE.
The last time those two countries clashed over oil policy, in December 2020, the UAE floated the idea of leaving the cartel. That dispute ended in a truce, but the breakdown in negotiations this time around was so severe that the group couldn’t even agree on a date for its next meeting.
The immediate consequence of the collapse in talks is that the output hike expected for August won’t take place, leaving the market short of barrels just as the global economy recovers from the Covid-19 pandemic. In response, crude jumped above US$77 a barrel in London for the first time in more than two years.
“With the oil market already in deficit and supply growth lagging oil demand growth,” the continuation of existing Opec+ production limits is likely to send prices higher, said Giovanni Staunovo, a commodities analyst at UBS Group.
Over the medium term, the split could potentially have the opposite effect, bringing lower prices as countries jockey for position and start pumping more. The probability of this is low, Mr Staunovo said.
Consumer pressure
Major consumers were paying attention to the cartel’s failure. Within hours, the administration of USPresident Joe Biden urged the group to get its act together.
The White House is “closely monitoring the Opec+ negotiations and their impact on the global economic recovery,” a spokesperson said. “Administration officials have been engaged with relevant capitals to urge a compromise solution that will allow proposed production increases to move forward.”
In this regard, the Americans may find allies within the cartel.
Opec+ has already been reviving some of the crude supplies it halted last year in the initial stages of the pandemic. The 23-nation coalition decided to add about 2 million barrels a day to the market from May to July, and the question before ministers on Monday was whether to keep going in the coming months.
The cartel’s own data show that once-bloated oil inventories are back down to average levels as the recovery in fuel consumption continues. Demand in the second half will be 5 million barrels a day higher than in the first six months of the year, Opec Secretary-General Mohammad Barkindo said last week.
The main proponent for opening the taps has been Russia. Its companies are keen to boost output, while rising domestic gasoline prices are an issue of growing importance before the parliamentary elections in September.
Moscow’s failure to secure its desired production increase was a rare setback for Deputy Prime Minister Alexander Novak, one of the architects of the Opec+ alliance. He made no public comment after the cancellation of Monday’s meeting, but has every incentive to continue working behind the scenes to find a resolution.
Iraq’s oil minister said he hopes to “witness a date” within the next 10 days for another Opec+ meeting, which should be able to reach a deal that that satisfies everyone. In the meantime, he expects members will continue to honor their existing production quotas, and said the impact on prices will be temporary.
“The market was expecting a small addition in the coming months, the delay in the agreement led to this slight rise in oil prices,” Mr Jabbar said in a phone interview. “Prices may come down if Opec agrees to raise exports.”